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How-To Guide for Research

Evaluation of Information

You should really evaluate every source you plan to use in your paper or project to make sure it is appropriate. One method mentioned in the FYE class here at Sullivan is the CRAAP test developed by the librarians at CSU - Chico. The criteria in the CRAAP test are:

  • Currency - When was the information created or posted? Does this matter to the research you are performing?
  • Relevance -  Does the information relate to your topic or help answer your question(s)?
  • Authority - Who wrote the information and why should you trust them?
  • Accuracy -  Can you verify the information from other sources or your personal knowledge?
  • Purpose - Why was the information piece created? To inform, sell, persuade, or entertain? 

If you need more questions to ask yourself try the CSU Chico sheet explaining the CRAAP test below. Still aren't sure a source is reliable? Ask a librarian. We can help you evaluate a resource or point you toward another credible source if necessary.

Evaluation isn't just a step before you begin writing your paper. You should be constantly evaluating the information you have found as you go.

  • If a search isn't working, try different words before switching to another database.
  • Think about what the sources you have say - do you need an opposite viewpoint? Or a real life example? Every resource should have a purpose in your paper. Make sure the resources you pick don't all repeat the exact same information.
  • Does the source provide enough information for you to use?
  • Think about the motivations of the author in publishing the information. Do they want money, or to convince you to buy a product? 
  • Is the information you are using relevant, current, authoritative, and accurate?