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APA 7: Reference List

Format the Reference List

The reference page provides information about the resources used in your paper. Except for a few exceptions (classical works and personal communications, etc.), any source cited in your paper must have an entry in the reference list. 

To format the reference page of the paper:

  1. Center the word References at the top of the page.

  2. Place your references in alphabetical order

  3. Select all of the references and set them to be double spaced and have a hanging indent.

APA 7 Reference Examples

Note: Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line (hanging indent).

Whole Book

Rabinowitz, F. E. (2019). Deepening group psychotherapy with men: Stories and insights for the journey. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000132-000

Sapolsky, R. M. (2017). Behave: The biology of humans at our best and worst. Penguin Books.

  • Parenthetical citations: (Rabinowitz, 2019; Sapolsky, 2017)
  • Narrative citations: Rabinowitz (2019) and Sapolsky (2017)

Edited Book Chapter

Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016

  • Parenthetical citation: (Aron et al., 2019)
  • Narrative citation: Aron et al. (2019)

Note: Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line (hanging indent).

Journal Article

Grady, J. S., Her, M., Moreno, G., Perez, C., & Yelinek, J. (2019). Emotions in storybooks: A comparison of storybooks that represent ethnic and racial groups in the United States. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000185

  • Parenthetical citations: (Grady et al., 2019)
  • Narrative citations: Grady et al. (2019)

Note: If the journal article does not have a DOI and is from an academic research database, end the reference after the page range. Do not include database information in the reference unless the journal article comes from a database that publishes works of limited circulation or original, proprietary content, such as UpToDate.

Magazine Article

Schaefer, N. K., & Shapiro, B. (2019, September 6). New middle chapter in the story of human evolution. Science, 365(6457), 981–982. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay3550

Schulman, M. (2019, September 9). Superfans: A love story. The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/09/16/superfans-a-love-story

  • Parenthetical citations: (Schaefer & Shapiro, 2019; Schulman, 2019)
  • Narrative citations: Schaefer and Shapiro (2019) and Schulman (2019)

Newspaper Article

Carey, B. (2019, March 22). Can we get better at forgetting? The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/22/health/memory-forgetting-psychology.html

  • Parenthetical citation: (Carey, 2019)
  • Narrative citation: Carey (2019)

Note: Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line (hanging indent).

Webpage on a Website

Fagan, J. (2019, March 25). Nursing clinical brain. OER Commons. Retrieved September 17, 2019, from https://www.oercommons.org/authoring/53029-nursing-clinical-brain/view

National Institute of Mental Health. (2018, July). Anxiety disorders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml

Woodyatt, A. (2019, September 10). Daytime naps once or twice a week may be linked to a healthy heart, researchers say. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/10/health/nap-heart-health-wellness-intl-scli/index.html

World Health Organization. (2018, May 24). The top 10 causes of death. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death

  • Parenthetical citations: (Fagan, 2019; National Institute of Mental Health, 2018; Woodyatt, 2019; World Health Organization, 2018)
  • Narrative citations: Fagan (2019), National Institute of Mental Health (2018), Woodyatt (2019), and World Health Organization (2018)

Note: Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line (hanging indent).

YouTube Video

Harvard University. (2019, August 28). Soft robotic gripper for jellyfish [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=guRoWTYfxMs

  • Parenthetical citation: (Harvard University, 2019)
  • Narrative citation: Harvard University (2019)

Government Report

National Cancer Institute. (2019). Taking time: Support for people with cancer (NIH Publication No. 18-2059). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/takingtime.pd

  • Parenthetical citation: (National Cancer Institute, 2019)
  • Narrative citation: National Cancer Institute (2019)

Reference List

Reference type

Format

Example

Journal article

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Article title. Journal Title, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy

Freeman, R., Doughty, J., Macdonald, M. E., & Muirhead, V. (2020). Inclusion oral health: Advancing a theoretical framework for policy, research and practice. Community Dentistry & Oral Epidemiology, 48(1), 1–6. https://doi-org.suscorp.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/cdoe.12500

Article in a Newspaper

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Title of Newspaper, pages.

Rodell, B. (2020, January 15). Looking toward a new era of Australian cuisine. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/15/dining/australian-food-restaurants.html

Book

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher Name.

Montalvan, L. C. (2017). Tuesday's promise: One veteran, one dog, and their bold quest to change lives. Hachette Books.

Edited book chapter

Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle (E. Editor, Ed.). Publisher.

Aron, L., Botella, M., & Lubart, T. (2019). Culinary arts: Talent and their development. In R. F. Subotnik, P. Olszewski-Kubilius, & F. C. Worrell (Eds.), The psychology of high performance: Developing human potential into domain-specific talent (pp. 345–359). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000120-016

Webpage (authors not listed)

Title of page. (Year, Month Day). Site name. Retrieved Month Date, Year, from URL

Programming language. (2020, February 15). Wikipedia. Retrieved February 18, 2020 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_language

Webpage (authors are the same as the site name)

Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Day). Title of page. Site name. URL

Price, D. (2020, February 13). How Charles Dickens presaged the rise of true crime podcasts. CrimeReads. https://crimereads.com/how-charles-dickens-presaged-the-rise-of-true-crime-podcasts/

 

Note: Start the first line of each reference at the left margin; indent each subsequent line (hanging indent).